IEEE MTT-S 2008 International Microwave Symposium Technical Program

Session: TU4A	UWB techniques and radar systems
Chair:	Ramesh K. Gupta, Mobile Satellite Ventures
Co-Chair:	Hiroshi Okazaki, NTT DoCoMo, Inc.
Abstract:	UWB Techniques and Radar Systems This session focuses on recent innovations made in Ultra-Wideband (UWB) techniques and FMCW Radar Systems. The first paper demonstrates use of UWB impulse radio (UWB-IR) architecture and development of a wavelet generator for multi gigabit communications systems. It is followed by introduction of a novel slot antenna using an integrated dielectric waveguide and filter assembly for automotive UWB radar applications. The third paper presents a high precision local positioning UWB radar prototype with I GHz bandwidth. The fourth paper shows a novel phase-noise performance analysis technique for FMCW radar distance measurements. The last paper demonstrates significant improvements in measurement using adaptive beamforming approach for the FMCW radar sensors.

TU4A-01	A W-band Wavelet Generator Using 0.13-um InP HEMTs for Multi-gigabit Communications Based on Ultra-Wideband Impulse Radio
1201	Y. Nakasha¹, Y. Kawano¹, T. Suzuki¹, T. Ohki², T. Takahashi¹, K. Makiyama¹, T. Hirose², N. Hara¹, ¹Fujitsu Limited, Atsugi, Japan, ²Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd., Atsugi, Japan
	Based on simple ultra-wideband impulse radio (UWB-IR) architecture, a W-band wavelet generator (WG) has been developed by using a record 7.6-ps InP HEMT pulse generator and a 78-93-GHz microstrip coupled line band pass filter. The WG radiates an RF pulse signal, or a wavelet, whose full width at half maximum is less than 80 ps, which corresponds to a signal produced by a 12.5-Gb/s ON/OFF keying transmitter. The WG is the first W-band signal source that is based on the UWB-IR architecture and creates more than 10-Gb/s wavelets.

TU4A-02	Dielectric Waveguide Slot Antenna With Integrated Filter for Automotive UWB Radar Applications
1167	K. Sano, K. Ito, TOKO, Inc., Tsurugashima, Japan
	This paper introduces a new slot antenna based on structure of the metallized dielectric waveguide. The antenna is constructed by combining a radiating plate with a slot on the metallized dielectric waveguide. This radiating plate works as a quarter wavelength impedance transformer and so the antenna operates in wide frequency range. The simulation shows the frequency range of the single slot antenna is from 23 to 29GHz that is desirable for the automotive UWB radar applications. Furthermore, the fact that changing the thickness of the radiating plate partially can control the antenna directivity flexibly is presented. Because the antenna is based on rectangular waveguide structure, it can be easily integrated with a high-Q filter. The prototype of the integrated antenna and filter with area of 50mm×30mm exhibits half-power beamwidth of 54.7° in the horizontal and 16.2° in the vertical, respectively, as well as the sharp bandpass characteristics of 25 to 28GHz.

TU4A-03	Method for High Precision Local Positioning Radar Using an Ultra Wideband Technique
1398	B. Waldmann¹, R. Weigel¹, P. Gulden², ¹University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany, ²Symeo GmbH, Neubiberg/Munich, Germany
	In this paper a novel approach for a high precision local positioning radar using an ultra wideband technique is presented. The concept is based on the standard FMCW (frequency modulated continuous wave) radar principle combined with short pulses to fulfill the emission limits given by the official regulatory authorities. With this concept, a high accuracy in dense multipath indoor environments can be achieved, ideally suited for 1D, 2D, and 3D localization. A prototype was built which operates around the center frequency of 7.5 GHz utilizing a bandwidth of 1 GHz. With the setup presented in this paper the distance between two wireless units can be measured achieving a low standard deviation.

TU4A-04	Performance Analysis of Cooperative FMCW Radar Distance Measurement Systems
1397	S. Scheiblhofer, S. Schuster, M. Jahn, R. Feger, A. Stelzer, Christian Doppler Laboratory for Integrated Radar Sensors, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
	In recent years, cooperative frequency-modulated continuous-wave radar based ranging and positioning systems attained significant attraction. In this paper, we present a novel analysis of the performance of these incoherent systems, with a special focus on phase noise effects. We show the behavior in different signal to noise ratio conditions and compare two com¬peting evaluation concepts. The results are verified on real measurement data, taken with a prototype ranging system in the 5.8 GHz ISM band.

TU4A-05	A four Channel 24-GHz FMCW Radar Sensor with Two-Dimensional Target Localization Capabilities
1253	R. Feger¹, A. Haderer², S. Schuster¹, S. Scheiblhofer¹, A. Stelzer¹, ¹Christian Doppler Laboratory for Integrated Radarsensors, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria, ²Institute for Communications and Information Engineering, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
	Abstract--- The measurement of different target parameters using radar systems has been an active research area for the last decades. Particularly target angle measurement is a very demanding topic, because obtaining good measurement results often goes hand in hand with extensive hardware effort. Especially for sensors used in the mass market, e.g. in automotive applications like adaptive cruise control this may be prohibitive. Therefore we address target localization using a compact frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar sensor. The angular measurement results are improved compared to standard beamforming methods using an adaptive beamforming approach. This approach will be applied to the FMCW principle in a way that allows the use of well known methods for the determination of other target parameters like range or velocity. The applicability of the developed theory will be shown on different measurement scenarios using a 24-GHz prototype radar system.

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